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Approved For Release 2004/02/19 : CIA-RDP83-00415R006800050005-6 1s offset and more than offset by the positive side,” Everywhere, in mills and factories, in collective farms and institutions, So- viet people sharply and ruthlessly ex- pose the defects in their work, and thereby facilitate their progress toward communism. Bolshevik criticism and self-criticism help the workers in facto- ries and collective-farm fields to fulfill the national-economic plan. By employing Bolshevik criticism and self-criticism new paths are laid out for the development of Soviet science. Open scientific discussions conducted in the USSR are of enormous importance to the ideological life of the country. Dis- cussions in the spheres of philosophy and biology have performed an impor- tant task. The recent discussion on lin- guistics conducted by the newspaper Pravda had these aims: to overcome, by means of criticism and_ self-criticism, the stagnation that existed in the de- velopment of Soviet linguistics, and to indicate the proper direction to be taken in carrying on further scientific work in this sphere. Another great event in the life of the Soviet Union was the joint scientific session of the Academy of Sci- ences of the USSR and of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR de- voted to questions relating to the phys- iological theory of the great Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov. ‘The session, the essence of which was criticism and self-criticism, revealed serious errors and defects in the elaboration of Pavlov’s scientific legacy and outlined a splendid program for the comprehensive creative development of his theory. Inertia and routine are alien to Sovict people. They are intensively working to overcome difficulties and are ensuring a high rate of development in all spheres of public, economic and cultural life. The motive forces of socialism are growing and becoming stronger, and their operation is bringing nearer the establishment of communism in the USSR. Treasury of Marxism-Leninism T is now 12 years since the masterly ] work of the great leader of the Soviet people, Joseph Stalin, the History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks) — Short Course was published for the first time. In these 12 years, Stalin’s classical work has been published and republished in the USSR and in other countries, its editions totaling 33,000,000 copies in 61 languages. The publication of this remarkable book was a major event in the ideolog- ical life of Soviet society. The Short Course of the History of the CPSU (BY is a veritable encyclopedia of funda- mental knowledge in Marxism-Lenin- ism. In simple and supremely clear Jan- guage this book reviews the tremendous experience of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks), an ex- perience which no other party in the world has ever possessed. ‘The party of Lenin and Stalin pointed out to the peoples of Russia the way to overthrowing the rule of the land- lords and capitalists. The Great October Socialist Revolution did away with the bourgeois-landlord system and initiated 598 By M. Yakovlev the transition from capitalism to social- ism. The world’s first state where power belongs to the working people was call- ed into being under the leadership of the party of Lenin and Stalin. During the period of peaceful social- ist construction, the Bolshevik Party be- came the organizer of an unprecedented construction effort for the benefit of millions. It awakened and organized the titanic creative energy of the people. Life itself confirmed the fact that the working masses are able both to destroy the obsolete reactionary system and to achieve miraculous results in the build- ing of the new, progressive society. Within a brief historical period, the Soviet people, led by the party of Lenin and Stalin, built a socialist society in the USSR. When the peoples of the USSR were confronted with the necessity of taking up arms in defense of their Motherland against foreign invaders, the Communist Party revealed its re- markable organizational abilities, mobi- lizing the all-out effort of the Soviet people for the sacred struggle for the Motherland. The party of Lenin and Stalin led the peoples of the USSR to victory over the enemy, securing the rout of Hitler Germany and imperialist Japan. Half a century ago, when Lenin and Stalin had just begun to build the Party, they had a small number of followers, whereas today the great ideals of Marx- ism-Leninism unite millions of advanced people the world over under the banners of the Communist Parties, and they rep- resent a powerful weapon in the strug- gle for peace, democracy. and freedom. The scierce of Marxism-Leninism is vital and invincible. “Marxism,” says J. V. Stalin, “is the scientific expression of the fundamental interests -of the working class. If Marxism is to be de- stroyed, the working class must be de- stroyed. And it is impossible to destroy the working class. More than 80 years have passed since Marxism came into the arena, During this time scores of hundreds of bourgeois governments have tried to destroy Marxism. But what has been the result? Bourgeois governments have come and gone, but Marxism remains. Moreover, Marxism has achieved complete victory on one- sixth of the globe — has achieved it in USSR INFORMATION BULLETIN Approved For Release 2004/02/19 : CIA-RDP83-00415R006800050005-6