◆ SpookStack

1631-HO-1462938 additional written instructions from the Presidential Diwan which further defined his authority. The Presidential Diwan's instructions restricted AL-MAJID's authority to villages in the Northern Region located within five kilometers of provinces and areas classified as cities, zones, or suburbs. AL-MAJID denied however, having authority over the military forces or security services in the region as the security services were never subordinate to anyone in the government except HUSSEIN. The Security Services, Fedayeen Saddam and Saddam’s Cubs, answered only to HUSSEIN and took their instructions only from HUSSEIN. Pursuant to the additional instructions, AL-MAJID claimed he only used the powers granted to him by the Decree for the "collectivization" of the villages within the defined parameters in the Northern Region. This "collectivization" consisted of moving Kurdish villagers from their homes to Iraq Government housing complexes. Per the additional instructions, areas beyond five kilometers fell within the control of the military, including cities near the border between Irag and Iran. AL-MAJID stated that the Anfal Campaign in Kurdish territory in 1988 was conducted by the military under the command of SULTAN HASHEM AHMAD AL-TAT (hereinafter HASHEM). AL-MAJID admitted delegating orders to the Security Services as it pertained to areas within his control, but the Services acted independently everywhere else, to include their technical work. During his interview, Presidential Diwan KHUDAIYER was asked if he ever drafted a follow-up to RCC Decree 160 which limited AL-MAJID's authority to a five kilometer radius around the major cities of Northern Iraq. KHUDAIYER stated that he never published such a Decree. KHUDAIYER was asked whether it was possible that the limiting instruction could have been given verbally. KHUDAIYER stated that such an order which contradicts a Decree would be very big and written. The original RCC Decree 160 was sent to the Ministry of Interior, to governates and toa variety of receivers. The Chief of Staff, the Military Intelligence, the Party and the Security Services were all aligned under the details of RCC Decree 160. Therefore, if the Original Decree were to be modified, written coordination would be the only way to notify all of these groups who were required to abide by the details of the original RCC Decree 160. To modify a Decree would require the same legal authority. Doing it verbally would not be lawfully feasible. If such an event occurred it would be, legally speaking, unprecedented according to KHUDATYER. 30