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Approved For Release 2004/02/19 : CIA-RDP83-00415R006800050005-6 unites a mere 18 households. ‘I'he Vper- yod Collective Farm is far in advance of its smaller neighbor in every respect. Its grain yields are 3.5 times the yields obtained by the Kollektivist, and its potato yields —- 3.2 times more. The cattle available in the Vperyod per 100 hectares (247 acres) of arable land, is 3.9 times the cortesponding ratio in the Kollektivist, and the number of cows — 4.6 times greater. An economic analysis of the situation in the grain, sugar bect, and vegetable- growing zone in Kharkov Region like- wise speaks convincingly in favor of the unquestionable superiority of the large collective farms, In the vegetable-grow- ing zone (Kharkov rural district) the collective farms with a 740-acre area each garner, as compared with the col- lective farms with 2,471 and more acres of arable land, 50 per cent less vege- tables per unit of land; their income per 247 acres is 20 per cent smaller; the amount of cash paid per workday unit is 30 per cent lower; and the number of workdays spent on the managing appa- ratus on the smail collective farms is three to four times greater than on the large farms. Approximately the same picture may be observed in the grain and beet-growing collective farms. It was quite natural and timely, there- fore, that the collective farmers should initiate the movement for the enlarge- ment of the farms which ‘has met with the full support of the Soviet Govern- ment and the Communist Party. Here is one of the numerous exam- ples illustrating the initiative of the collective farmers in the matter of en- larging the farms. Until the spting of 1950, there were three collective farms in the big village of Aleshkino (Rybnovski District, Rya- zan Region): the Lenin, Krasnaya Ar- mia, and Smychka Collective Farms. Their fields were adjacent, and they had identical conditions for development. The fields were cultivated by the Ryb- novski Machine-and-Tractor Stations. In 20 years the thtce farms achieved a nearly double increase in their crop yields and raised the incomes of their members. Each of the three farms had four subsidiary livestock ranches. But as the level of mechanization and of agrotechnology advanced, these farms could not make any greater pro- gress due to the limitations of their cultivated areas and inadequate labor power. There were 80 workers on the Lenin Collective Farm with its 1,877 acres, whereas the neighbor Krasnaya Armia Collective Farm with an 865- acre area had about 100 able-bodied people. In January, 1950, the boards of these collective farms resolved to amal- gamate the three farms into one big unit. The Village Sovict approved this proposal and recommended that a gen- eral meeting of the membership of the three collective farms be consulted about it. It was a well attended meeting. The collective farmers cited many convinc- ing arguments in favor of the amalga- mation of the three farms, and the meet- ing voted unanimously for the fusion of the farms. Thus, the Lenin, Krasnaya Armia and Smychka collective farms were united by the will and on the ini- tiative of the collective farmers into one large farm — the Lenin Collective Farm. The results were already evident this year. “The enlarged collective farm has coped far better with the organization of the farm work; the collective farmers have undertaken with joint forces to cre- ate a large pond, to build two livestock ranches with room for 100 head of cattle each, a brickyard, and other auxil- iary facilities. This could never have been accomplished by the three small farms, In the same district, two small collec- tive farms have amalgamated into a big farm in the Kuzminski Rural Soviet arca. ‘The enlarged farm has been thor- oughly mechanized and clectrified. Electric tractors are used in its fields. The village now has a flour mill, a mil- let mill, a wool-carding installation, mechanical repair shops, a pumping sta- tion, and water mains. The collective farmers receive double the amount of grain, vegetables, and cash per workday unit, as compared with the remuneration distributed before the amalgamation of the farms. Tt is extremely noteworthy that in this amalgamation process the small farms are usually drawn toward the lead- ing collective farms directed by experi- enced, capable, and authoritative mana- gers. For example, four collective farms have joined the Vosmoe Marta Collec- tive Farm (Kupyansk District, Kharkov Region), directed by Hero of Socialist Labor Yaroshenko, with the result that a big farm with many branches of hus- bandty has been formed. The collective farms of Village Katerinovka, Lozovaya District, have amalgamated with the Orjonikidze Collective rm whose chairman is Hero of Socialist Labor Mogilchenko. Many enlarged collective farms have elected university-trained ag- ronomists as chairmen. The amalgamation of the small collec- tive farms ushers in a new stage in the development of collectivized agricul- ture; it heralds unprecedented progress in the development of the productive forces of socialist agriculture and a still greater cultural advancement and pros- perity for the collective farm peasantey. OCTOBER 13, 1950 591 Approved For Release 2004/02/19 : CIA-RDP83-00415R006800050005-6