◆ SpookStack

South Afr' a's New Era: One Man' Walk to Freedom Mandela, Freed, Urges Rise In Pressure on White Rule Continued From Page A1 wants to have with blacks, who are 28 million of the population, compared gress, for which he was working under- with the 5 million whites of the ruling ground, when he was arrested and. minority. jailed.in August 1962. He said he was only making some Mr. Mandela told.a crowd that he re- preliminary comments following his mained a "loyal and'disciplined mem- release, and would have more to say berr'of the African National Congress "after I have had the opportunity to consult with my comrades." By this he andstill endorsed its policies,including'meant the leaders of the African Na- twhite minority Government. as well as colleagues still based in He said he saluted thecongress's South Africa. military wing, Spear of the Nation, and But he appeared to discourage any . Party,"for its-steady contributionto Government has in mind, saying, "A the strugglefor democracy. eader of the,movement isa person But he also thanked the Black Sash Rwho has-been'democratically elected at anorganization of white women work- a national conference." ing'to end apartheid,and the predomi- De Klerk Seeks Talks Snantly white National Union of South : President de Klerk has invited black leaders to join talks leading to the for- whitesasking them to join in shapinga part at last in their nation's politics. new South Africa. Mr. Mandela acknowledged to the cal home for you, too, he said. with the Government during his last .In his first speech after his release, years in prison. But he added: "My MrMandela may have taken an ortho- talks with the Government have been dox line with a mass audience sympa- aimed at normalizing the. political thetic to the African National Congress Situation in the country.. We have not and' might in private discussions ex- [yet begun discussing the basic de- hibit greater flexibility onthe question mands of our struggle. .of discussions that the Government "I wish to stress that I myself have at no time entered into negotiations about the future of our country, except to insist on a meeting between the 'Power!! A.N,C. and the Government," he said. He described Mr. de Klerk, whom he 'It Is Ours!' has met twice since December, as "a ILt man of integrity." D. At the start of his speech in "Mr. de Klerk has gone further than MEape Town yesterday, Nelson any other Nationalist President in tak- ing real steps to normalize the situa- Mandela led the crowd in a tion,"Mr. Mandela said. chant that has become a regu- lar feature of anti-apartheid Still a Harsh Reality' gatherings in South Africa He "But as an organization we base our Jed the chant in his native lan- policy and strategy/and tactics on the harsh reality weare faced with," he guage, Xhosa, each time ne- said"And thisreality is that we are ceiving a response in Xhosa still suffering under the policies of the from the crowd. Here is how Nationalist-Government." the exchange went: The National Party which Mr. de . Klerknow leads, instituted apartheid Mandela: Amandla! aftertaking power in 1948. Power! pronounced ah- Mr. Mandela said the Government MAHN-dlha. had to take further steps before negoti- CrowdNgawethu! Itis ations could begin. ours!)pronounced ntsa-WEH- As a prerequisite for negotiations, he too. reiterated two demands that he had Mandela: Amandla! conveyed from prison by recent visi- Crowd: Ngawethu! tors. They are the lifting of the state of Mandela:i-Afrika! (Africa!) emergency, which was imposed in pronouncedee-AH-free-ka. June 1986, and the release of all politi- CrowdMayibuye!(Let it cal.prisoners, including those accused .come back!) pronounced mah- of crimes committed in the struggle yee-BOO-yeh. against apartheid. "Mandela: Mayibuye! "Only such a normalized situation Crowd:i-Afrika! which allows for free political activity! can allow us to consult our people in or- der to obtain amandate," Mr. Mandela