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5978 is innocent of that murder, we are convinced he is charged with murder because of his labor activities, certainly we would defend him. Mr. Starnes. Now, who is the supreme court of the I. L, D.? ; Mr, Marcantonto. We have no supreme court. We have a presi- lent. . Mr. Srarnes, Well, who is the man, or group of men, or women, in the organization that lays down the yardstick and decides whether it ig undemocratic or antilabor ? Mr. Marcanronto. If it is the usual run of case, it is usually de- cided by myself; if there is a real policy question involved, it comes up before the governing board. We have had no such case since I have been president. tau. vn Mr. Srarnes. Is it not a fact in the I. L. D.—well, I cannot ask that question, because you have confined it to your knowledge since 1937, but I wanted to ask if it was not’ a fact that the J. L. D. had volunteered its services and stepped into cases and sought to inter- fere with the Processes of the courts of this country, and if they had not attempted to influence, to browbeat, and intimidate the civil wuthorities of this country? Mr. Marcantonio. My answer is “No,” Mr. Starnes, Never? Mr. Marcantonto. Never; as far as I know; and, furthermore, as J said before, we came into the De J onge case, and the Suprenig § urt agreed with us, and the Strecher case = Mr. Starnes. Was De Jonge a member on your board of directors? Mr, Marcantonio, I think he is. We came into the De Jonge Case Mr. Starnes. Is not the fact of the business this: That the reason the denouncing of communism has never been embodied in the resolu- tions adopted by the I. L. D., the fact that a resolution to that effect has the same chance as the proverbial snowball in the lower regions i i and passed by the I. L. D.? Mr. Marcantonio. As IT say to you gentlemen, give us a case of one person deprived of democratic rights by the Communists, and I- will give you my guaranty, if he comes to us, he will be defended, Mr. Srarnes. And, Mr. Marcantonio, since you have been a mem- ber, you have undertaken to defend the religious and political liber- ties of persons in the Soviet Union? Mr. Marcanronro. In the Soviet Union, in Alabama, or anywhere else. We have only had one case, and that was an American eltizen Mr. Starnes. I want to say I subscribe wholeheartedly to the doc- trine of freedom of speech and freedom of the press, and that includes Communists, Fascists, Nazis, or whoever he is, if he is an American citizen; but I have an absolute aversion to some person who comes to this country as an agent of a foreign government and becomes a naturalized citizen in order to wrap himself in the Constitution and the Bill of Rights, to seek the destruction of this Government. And that is the reason I, and many other Americans, look with sus- picion on these various organizations. Mr. Marcantonio. And the gentleman’s views on aliens views on aliens are not in aecord. The Cuamman, Let us not get into that discussion. af ocean Lat lnc el of EreCr DEI CUODRSIOCreW and my i UN-AMERIC AN Mr. Sranves. And we hav come before us, including sor others, who are naturalized ¢ ple of America, or to instruct tion and the Bill of Rights heavens, as far as I am cones Mr. Marcantonio. May I people of immigrant stock a io American development. hiel ] ” nh ttm « Mr. Srarxes. Which we al Tam the son of one myself, Mr. Marcantonio. And tl have been allowed the privile Mr, Starses. That ts righ privilege of destroying the The CHairman, Let us pi Mr. Wuittey. Congressini Daily Worker, official organ an article captioned “I. R. world’s toilers” Mir. Marcanroni. That 3 Mr. Waitiey. 1933: 4 yea ing to place the point at whiel the International Red Aid o Mr. Marcantonio, Well, y not do it through me, because in June or July of 1937. Mr. Waiter. I think it anyway. We are also tryin Mr. Marcaxtonio. T am si Mr. Wuirtey. Reading fre A call to the toilers of the worl Scottshoro boys has Just been issu International Labor Defense is sections in TL countries. So it would appear from t that at least as late as 1933 th Mr. Marcantonio. No, fo: Communists have made app Thomas has made an appea make the International Ea Thomas? Mr. Wairtey. Let me rea A call to the toilers of the worl Scottsboro boys has just been Iss the International Labor Defense Does that permit uncertain Mr. Marcantonto. Well, | knows that the statement of person. Mr, Writiey. I wanted y Mr. Marcantonio. But, a: of a third party and is not b