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--— force: in- the -end. 2 closely’ interlocked with the New York College Teachers! Union; which was expelled as Communist—dominated by the New York Centre Labor Council. (American Federation of Labor) in February, y. American Federation of Teachers, by referendum vote, in 1941... Among thos: active in both the New York College Teachers Union and the were the following: Franz Boas, ‘alter Rautenstrauch, Ned Dearborn, Lo deisner, Harry A. Overstreet, Robert S. Lynd, Alonzo lyers, Clyde R. Miller and Max Yergan. "The Aims of the American Committee for Democracy and Intellect: Freedom were apparently elastic enough to permit its complete endorsement: of the conflicting positions of the Communist Party on foreign policy. : This’ held true both for the organization as a whole and for its seadiing spoke tniviaualiye " When the Communist Party was shouting for ‘neollective ‘security against the Fascist aggressors," Franz Boas, Walter Rautenstrauch, and Max Yergan energetically supported the American League for Peace and Democr: which advocated this slogan. In a "Manifesto of Educators," issued on: December 11, 1938, Boas declared: "We firmly believe that "in the present historic epoch democracy alone can preserve intellectual freedom." On al 20, 1939, the American Committee stated in a message to Pedro Diaz, chair of the Montevideo Congress, that they must. "become militant me army of the defense of democracy." The message was issued“in. defensive by agressor nations which” ‘scoff at’ human liberty." . Robert S. Lynd, a leading me 3] went even further in. that "th United Stat