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‘ys = ¥ % of residence , This enables “he hiteg to control black labor jas hey want to, and they use fhe ass system and all other deviges order to control this labor, *in arder to direct it to places they want, at the gold mines, the white farms, and the industries, and in the quantities they want “So that you can say the whole of the black population is peas- ant, landless peasants it is true, but peasants, ose few who stay in towns havg no right to be in towns. They are there only inso~ far as they jare employed by whites in town. “This means that the bulk of the population is the black land- less peasants, and this is our start- ing point, that no meaningful Movement or organization can be created without the peasantry. So we concentrated in building up or- ganizations, and in politicizing the peasantry.” Tabata then discussed the Gape ican Teacher's Association,§ an ffiliate of the Unity Mov t $ an example of the type of pr- anization which is preseitly faidn't say “Where we enablas the ‘ master got sick, the field Ne rayed that he’d die. If someon ame to the field Negro and said ‘Let's separate, let’s mum,” hi going?” He'd say, “Any place is better than here.” You've got field Negros in America today. I’m a field Negro. The masses are the field Negroes. When they see this man’s house on fire, you don’t hear the little Negroes talking about “eur gov- ernment is in trouble.” They say, “The government is in trouble.” Imagine a Negro: “Our goverm- ment/” I even heard ofe say “our astronauts." They won't even let him near the plant — and “our astronauts!* “Our Navy” —- that's a Negro that is out of his mind, a Negro that is out of his mind Just as the slavemaster of that day used Tom, the house Negro, to keep the field Negroes int, check, the same old slavemaster today has Negroes who, are noth- ing but modern Unde Toms, twentieth-century Uncleg Toms, to keep you and me in chedk, to keep us under control, keep passive and peaceful and nonviolent, Get Numb That’s Tom making you non- yiolent, It’s like when you go to the dentist, and the man’s going to take your tooth. You're going to fight him when he starts pull- ing. So he squirts sore stuff in your jaw called novocaine, to make you think they're not doing anything to you. So you sit there and because you've got al] of that i novocaine in your jaw, you suf- ; fer — peacefully. Blood running all down your jaw, and you don’t know what's happening, Becai someone has taught you to suff — peacefully. The white man does the sa thing to you in the streét, wh he wants to put knots on your | head arid take advantage of you , the and not have to be afraid of your fighting back. To keep you trom. ighting back, he gets these qld eligious Uncle Toms to teach ypu d me, just like novocaine, suffer peacefully. Don’t stop sRf- fering — just suffer peace say you should let your bi flow in the streets. This id a shame. You know he’s a Chrisfian preacher, If it’s a shame to Him, you know what it is to me. There is nothing in our book, the Koran, that teaches us to suf- fer peacefully, Our religion teaches us to be intelligent. Be peaceful, be courteous, obey the law, respect everyone; but if someone puts his hand on you, send him to the cemetery, That's a good religion. In tact, that’s that old-time religion. That's the one that Ma and Pa used to talk about: an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth, and a head for a head, and a life for a life. That’s good religion. And obody resents that king of religion} being taught but 4 wolf, who ine to make you s meal, ‘ This is the way it is with the White man in America, He's a wolf — and you're sheep. Any time a shepherd, a pastor, teaches you and me not to run from the | white man and, at the same time, , teaches us not to fight the white man, he’s a traitor to you and me. Don't lay down a life all by itself. No, preserve your life, it's the best thing you've got. And if you've got to give it up, let it be even-steven. The slavemaster took Tom and dressed him well, fed him well and even gave him a little educa- : tion — a little education; gave him a long coat and a top hat. ; and made all the other slaves look up to him. Then he used Tom to control them. The same strategy that was used in those days is used today, by the same white man. He takes a Negro, a so-called Negro, and makes him prominent bpilds him up, publicizes him kes him a celebrity. And the becomes a spokesman for N joes -- and a Negro leader, As Rev. Cleage pointed out, they '. Next week: The Negro leaders, THE MILITANT PAGE 4 CONTINUED MALCOLM X SPEAKS