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an open letter to Premier Stalin A CENTURY OF PEACE . . Although the noter of Ansbaseador Bedall Smith and Foreign Minister Molotov are both characterized by the same self-rightoux nea which bae lead to the international erisis, th ppresent great hope to those of ue who have con tently maintained that peace ix powaible and they represent a severe blow to the propagandiaxte on both sides who have ated that the two nations cannot live at peace in the same world, The two letters aasume what we have long con- tended—that the wardime couperation between the two great powers can he rebuilt and strengthened in time of peace. The exchange of notes, opening the deor to negotiations, wurt he fallowed by a meet: —~—un open, fully reported mecting of representatives of both the United States and the So: Union. With the prospect of such a meeting, | present my thoughts on the steps necessary to achieve the Century of Peace. THE COLD WAR MUST STOP The USA and the USSR must take immediate action to end the cold war, This involves taking definitive. de ¢ eps looking to- ward the following objectives: 1. General reduction of armaments—outlawing all methods of maga destruction, 2. Stopping the export of weapons by any nation to any other nation. 3. The resumption of unrestricted trade texeept for goods re- Jated to war) between the two countries. 4. The free movement of citizens, students and newspaper men between and within the two countrica. 5. The resumption of free exchange of scientific information and scientific material between two mations. 6: The re-establishment of ar gorated UNRKA of the cons alitution of sume other United Nations agency for the dist ation of international relief. Neither the USA nor the USSR affairs of other nations, hould interfere in the internal vor the USSR should main- oth 'N countries. Neither the USA nor the USSR should terrorize th of member states of the UN by massing Jand forces, establishing air bases, of wnaking naval demon- rations, Neither the USA nor the USSR should use financial presure, economic pressure or the pressure of secret agents to obtain politival results in other countries. Both the US L USSR, in the apirit of the UN Charter, should collaborate ta the in furthering the political, economic and cultural health of the world, To that end the USA and the USSR should join the various eubsidiary agencies of the UN auch as the World Health Organi . the Food and Agricultural Organi zation, and The UN Educat ientific and Cultural Organization. REHABILITATION OF EUROPE Jt ig to the advantage of both the USA and the USSR to give maximum economic help to Europe a promptly as posible within the framework of the UN, proportioned to the i conumic need. Aa soon as possible the European Coop inistration and the United Nations and the Economie Comaniaion for Europe should be converted into a reinvigorated and expanded UNKRA for the purpose of building a highly productive. economically unitied Europe in which there would be no barriers of trade, cv pation or culture between Kastern Europe and Western Europe. SPEEDY PEACE WITH GERMANY The USSR, the USA, Great Britain, and France should conclude a peace treaty with Germany at the cartiost pomihte mameat, The objective is the prompt re-establishment of 4 peace-loving German government in charge of a united Germany which ix obligated to the strict fulfillment of the Yalta and Potsdaw agreements, Rawian, French, Britixh and American troops should he withdrawn from Germany within one year after the signing of the German peace treaty, PEACE IN THE FAR EAST Neither the USA nor the USSR should send arois inte Chi Both the USA and the USSR should withdraw troops from both China and Korea, There should he act up ax soon ax possible « government for all ol Korea, Both the USA and the USSR should adhere to the principle of equal rights for all nations C . with rexpect for the sove ereignty of China, and refrain fro interference in the internal affairs of Ching. Both the USA and the USSR can benefit from a China which ix strang and unified on the asia of economic and political democracy. JAPAN A peace treaty with Japan Dased on agreements heretofore ar- rived at should he made at the earlicat possible moment. Both the USA and the USSR have a vital interest in a deniocratic and peace loving Japan. All vations having occupation troops in Japan should withdraw them within a year after the signing of the peace treaty with Japan. ‘ VETO AND ATOMIC ENERGY CONTROL The excessive use of the veto and the impasse with regard to certain phasea of atomic energy contro) are the expression of the lack of confidence between the two nations, They are symptom, not causes, Both can be handled constructively once confidence is catab- lished in the major istues. The door should he promptly opened to the extraordinary benefits which atomic energy can bring to mankind at peace. Atomic enerzy for war is a crime and a curse. Atomic energy for peace can he science’s greatest bleasing. . ACCESS TO RAW MATERIALS The Atlantic Charter has provision for freedom of access to raw unateri by the nations of the world. This ie very important for the smaller nations and both the USA and the USSR should carry out the epirit of article 4 of the Atlantic Charter. ° There are possibilities of increasing interchange of goods between the USA and the USSR to a volume many times the pre-war figure. Such an increase in trade excluding ination will promote fricndly relations between the two countries and therehy strengthen the cause of world peace. . ASSURANCE WITH REGARD TO RUSSIAN AND AMERICAN INTENTIONS Millions of citizens in the USA helieve it is the settled purpose of Soviet leaders to conquer the world. Millions of citizens in the USSR believe it is the settled purpose of the USA to invade the USSR. Both point to specific instances to make their point. E: nation should state definitively and categorically that it has nu design on the terri- torial integrity of any other nation. COMMUNISM AND CAPITALISM The ideological competition between communixm and capit is a different matter from the misunderstanding between the USSR and the USA, The latter can be solved in a way that will pre peace. But the competition between the capitalist and communist aysteme is never ending. It in the concern of both nations to see that this competition remains constructive and that it never degenerates into the statue of auch a celigious war ae the Thirty Years War whieh eo devastated Europe at the beginning of the Seventeenth Century. Russia cannot he held responsible for the excesses of local com> Wurtists any more than the USA can he Ad responsilsle for th hensible exploitation of backward Dy mar i are not citizens or only nominally citi uf the USA, Undoubtedly many communists und capitalists have exp the belief that their particular system will inevitably dominate the world, But that does vot mean that the USSK and the USA must engage in perpetual cons flict. The two countrics can agree to a modus endi while the slow procesa of time determines the strong anil weak points of the two c ayatems and the free peoples of the world make day by day pall choices which eventually will evolve. on the basis of em: piriciam, aystems which will he best adapted for the various indi- vidual countries. THE CENTURY OF PEACE MUST COME There is no misunderstanding or difficulty between th: the USSR which can he sctiled by fore , ference which cannot he settled by pe: There is no American principle or public interest, and there is no Russian principle or public interest which would have to be aacrificed to end the cold war and open up the Century of Peace whieh the Century of the Common Man dematula. Printed by Hanry 4. Wallace, 39 Park Avenue, New York In, N.Y. USA and or fear und there ia no dif- ul, hopeful negotiation, +e