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_° Up until the Chinese Revolution the peasants. in underdevelope '. countries had been-given a subordinate role in the revolution. - “: .. Even though Lenin had put’ forth the idea: of. a united front. based ~ “ !« om an alliance between the’ peasants and the proletariat, the’. |) ‘.>~ Russian Revolution was. still focussed in the cities... Mao took | “his Party and Armey to the -couritryside’ in China and orgainzed. * . his base among thereasantry. He’ still believed that the “urban. * proletariat would-eventually be “in the leadership of the revolution but he did not focus his activity toward:them.: > - v0 0°) ts . ° ° In setting up a-model for national liberation struggles — -Mao developed the idea of ‘the two-stage: revolution, qa model - _. which has since been closely followed by Viet Nam, C mbodia, | . * Niezembteue, and troiveaebissar! ° “Mao based his two-stage ~~ revolution on a class analysis of colonized countries. In_ ‘countries dominated by imperialism Mao saw the existence of. = °. five classes: the big bourgeoiste{those who were total lackeys . of foreign imperialists), the national bourgeosie ( those who | — were exploiters of the Chinese people but still felt themsielves | to be victimized by the ‘impertalists), the petit bourgeosie. (small a, : capitalists who exploited the Chinese people to some degree but | « primarily saw themselves as victi-s of imperialism), the proletaria ot and the ‘peasantry. In the first stage of the revolution Mao Re: saw the struggle as one to kick the imperialists out of the K country and establish a democracy. -The strategy for this struggle was a protracted people's guerrilla war led by the alliance of. — the peasantry, the proletariat, and revolutionary elements of - the petit bourgoesie, Mao.also saw some elements of the national bourgeosie as allies in this stage of the struggle but was careful ; in emphasizing that the party must be in the leadership of any «. yr United Front. The culmination of this p@fse of the struggle. - \ was a AX joint dictatorship of the peasants, proletariat, and revolutionary petit bourgeoise under a mixed economy (XSSMRX HAUXANAXKHSAX- = ( big industries nationalized but other ‘private — property remining in’ ptivate hands} This "new democartic" phase ig seen as a period of time in which the foundation for soxialism is being built. This phase of the revolution ended in Shina in N the mid 1950's and then the socialist phase began.’ The. gocialist. phase meant the nationalization of virtually all private property and collectivization of the economy under the dictatorship of . the proletariat alone. 7 On New Domocracy -- Mao 70 pp. -- Mao's outline of the | | | | Further Readings: two-stege theory of revolution-in colonized-countries © ~ ‘On the Correct Hendling of Contradictions 4mong the People i+ ‘Mao ~--S5pp.7-7 Mao's outline’ of how to deal with> various class rela- tions in theperiod o8 socialism eo ' Internationally people call themselves proponents of, Mao Tse- ‘ Tang Thought to differentiate themseoves from the Soviet Marxist- Leninists., This is a particularly important point in terms of - su pport of- national liberation struggles. the Soviets hold ‘ that wars of national liberation should not be waged because they ‘ inerease the possibility-of nuclear war. Thus, the USSR pushes a position of "peaceful coexistence {detente} with the imperfalist