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‘by th PD yal 14.900 st W. ‘eae Peigteeha Le “rallyin rising, only. t he’ nist Pouth or, * “Some. specific freedoms still hold. ‘The Jot of, th Lae roved’as te tegime cut back con mpulsory delivetie:, ad the number “o "eo lective’: rms dwir ted to“a, token #724 {10,000 - . Stalin's: ine. “The new fences," ob- “ vserved Warsaw's Swiat, “testify to the re- “:" turd of the peasants’ sense of ownership.” _ Relatfons with the Catholic Church are far better than in other Soviet-bloc coun- . tries, though the Vatican reports that “government interference’ with religious appointmenty tends to become more rig- orous than last year.” No Exhilaration. Unable to govern ef- | fectively through the party and unwilling | to govern any other way, Gomulka has ~ failed to inspire the self-sacrificing energy “expected § in October's exhilarated hour, In - * Polish factories, absenteeisin has doubled.: ; Productivity at Warsaw’s Zeran Autonio-— bile Works is down to one twenty-seventh - of the prevailing rate at U.S, Ford plants. ,. “To survive, most workers have to take - , second jobs, many of them in the innu- merable : hole-in- the-wall ‘private enter-. - prises that have sprung up, and their ’. “employment at these second Jobs often’ * depends on_ how * much - ‘they ‘can ‘steal . + from their state factory to Provide raw materialé for the business. |: °°.’ - Because last’ year's’ "world-pric é move ee ments clipped Poland’s export. earnings; .: especially from coal, by .a’.crippling $2s0" million, the regime | must whave massive new help from abroad « or cut living ‘stand- ards further by restricting iniports. No- body thinks that. the $100. million extra: they are now seeking i in n Washington will” { al-government ‘electiqit “tonwide test sincé the’ pal fliamentary con: | * tests. that followed | the’ October, ising”. le... February’ $ b, the first na- rh Cru Mi d lin ay give some evidence’ of the growing onviction, .that Gomulka is no longer . standing’ up manfully, doing his best for oland’ “Why should I bother to vote?” aid a Warsaw office worker last week. “Last time I voted because I, believed ;, Gomulka was going to help us. Since then “the price of bread has“gone up; butter has gone up, meat has gone up, everything . costs more. What difference will these — “elections make? None.” Between his own failures and the inex- _orable pressures of East and West, Gomul- ‘ka still fought to preserve the appearances of his desperate middie course between . Communism and the patriotism of his : tired and impatient countrymen, o “RUSSIA /At Home with the Frazers For Soviet citizens, Mark and Natasha : Frazee” live” “extremely Well) Their “Five- room apartment in 3 néw building’ in thé center of Moscow has a TV sét) an up- | - ‘right piano and a big black dog named” - Doll. Instead of buying the shoddy, ill- fitting Russian clothes, ‘the family im- ports its wardrobe from London. Mark, . whose Russlan is excellent, goes regular-_ ly to his: job as editor of the Soviet * y montny, TH Tafernational Affairs 7 Natasha “edits the a -translatlons. ons , of Russian stories in_the he biweekly :} “English-language _news- 7 paper, 1, Moscow News, Their children, Fer-" -: "gus, 13, Donald, t1, and Melinda, 6, have ~ ‘spent three ° years at Soviet schools and . are as ‘fluent in Russian ‘as in English... This was the surface impression of the. . - Frazers gathered last week by a visitor to . . their home. But Mark Frazer had another “name, and another life. Almost seven years ago, as Donald. “Maclean in in charge of the. “American Section. in the British "Foreign Office,” he fled~ England With - his hard-drinking, Rotoriously homosexu- -- als crony, - Guy Burgess. also a Foreign . Office man, "on the very day British au- _ thorities” were about to question him on .. Spy charges. Twenty-séven months later, “Maclean's U.S.-born wife and three chil- . dren left Switzerland and also slipped be- * hind: the Iron” Curtain,’ joining him at - _ Kuibyshev, @ town on thé Volga where he. “was teaching English, They found Kuiby- . Erich Lessing—Magnum WapysLaw GOMULKA In the middle of ‘chaos. TIME, FEBRUARY 3, 1958 mo eS Rn shev dreary and provincial, and both wel-., comed the move to Moscow, Maclean. changed_his name, to.F fazer. probably ‘because of his fear of thé press: he is reported to have, broken completely * ; ¢ with Guy Burgess ever since Burgess gave : an extended interview in Moscow last Oc- * tober to Tom Driberg, the British news- ’ man ‘and ex-Labor M.P. Both h_ Burgess and Maclean share a continuing problem: alcoholism. Last summer, when Maclean went on an extended drinking” bout that - ended in detirium tremens, his wife nursed him back to health, but told friends she — was fed up and was consideting leaving : . ' Avociated rest THe Macteans (1949) - _ In the bottle or Moscow, kim. Since then, Maclean has been on the * wagon, and both he and his wife deny any _ rumors of separation..- Mark Frazer, wearing the clothes and ‘upper-class manner of his Cambridge - background, goes to his office, does his work, comes home. If asked, "he insists ae that he is unwavering in his support of the ~~ ‘Soviet system, and that he would rather ..- ‘e live.in Moscow than anywhere else in the ron. tt -is either that or the. bottle. mae “GREAT BRITAIN “The Simple Truth" “Mr, Thorneycroft, ” ‘gruffed tHe deeply © Scottish accent of the Speaker, and si-: lence. descended on the House of.Com-~ mons, From the third bench below the”. gangway on the government side, tradi- - tionally the place taken by a ‘retiring minister, rose the tall man whose resigna- tion as Chancellor of the Exchequer 24 — weeks before had precipitated the debate. Without rhetciic, flourish or grandiose phrase, Peter Thorneycroft explained the realities behind his refusal to increase ~~ - _ government spending this year by “less ©: “than 1%.” In doing so, he cut through ..years of polemics and political obfusca- “tions to state the wider reality of Britain's ‘new position in the world. - "For: twelvé years,” he said, “we have My, ‘been attempting to doemore than our re- sources could manage, and in the process | _ we have been gravely weakening our- selves. We have, in a sense. been trying to ' do two things at the same time. First, we ‘have sought to be a nuclear power, match- ing missile with missile and anti-missile with anti- missile. and with large conven- tional forces i in the Far East, the Middle ae a