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-11- invitation of a French pharmaceutical equipment maker, Dr. Vladimir Pasechnik of the Leningrad Institute of Ultra-Pure Biopreparations went to Paris for a conference and never went home. He left his family behind in Russia and wound up in Britain. One of the scientists who debriefed Pasechnik for the British was Jack Melling. "Pasechnik chose Britain," says Melling, "because he thought the U.S. still had an active biological warfare program and he didn't want anything more to do with making weapons. He didn't think the same of Britain." According to Melling, what Pasechnik told Britain's MI-6 raised even more alarm about the U.S. and British chemical anthrax vaccines. Pasechnik said that Moscow had created antibiotic-resistant super-strains of anthrax, plague and tularemia. Although Pasechnik's British handlers couldn't verify this, it sounded plausible enough to them; in part because making germs antibiotic-resistant was relatively easy to do, and in part because the Soviets had published several papers in the 1980's disclosing that they had developed a veterinary vaccine that immunized against all three of these microbes. Intelligence analysts had been asking themselves why Soviet livestock would need to be vaccinated against plague, tularemia and anthrax—the three agents regarded by bioweapons specialists as the most likely‘ones to be used in a biological warfare attack. They could not come up with a good answer. Back in Maryland, Fort Detrick now had at least four viable prototypes of a single shot vaccine that they thought was safe. All were made from the protective antigen protein or pieces of it. Three others were recombinant vaccines; Fort Detrick had cloned the protective antigen gene into Bacillus subtilis, baculovirus and vaccinia. All of these prototypes were formulated with squalene or squalane. The ones showing the most promise were the protective antigen vaccines combined with these oils. According to Ivins and his Fort Detrick colleagues, just one dose of these new vaccines gave protection equivalent to three doses of the licensed U.S. vaccine . and the new vaccines were ready for clinical trials. All Fort Detrick needed now was the right time and place to test them. [Buy the Book Vaccine-A is available from these online retailers: » Amazon.com | <http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/046504400X/> » BarnesandNoble.com_ <http://search.barnesandnoble.com/booksearch/isbninquiry.asp?ISBN=046504400X> » Books-a-Million.com <http://www.booksamillion.com/ncom/books?isbn=046504400X> » Booksense.com <http://booksense.com/product/info.jsp?isbn=046504400X> » Powells.com <http://www.powells.com/cgi-bin/biblio?isbn=046504400X> » Amazon Canada) <http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/046504400X/> » Amazon <http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/046504400X/> » Indigo (Canada <http://www.chapters.indigo.ca/item.asp?Item=978046504400 &Catalog=Books&Lang=en&Section=books> Message Board