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Approved For Release 2004/08/02 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000600350001-3 UNCLASSIFIED DST-1810S-387-75 September 1975 SECTION II -— TELEPATHY (ENERGY TRANSFER) IN ANIMALS (U) Soviet and Czechoslovakian parapsychologists have not reported "telepathy" in animals in recent years; instead, they have emphasized research on biological energy transfer. Soviet parapsychology research is multidisciplinary and indistinguishable from conventional Soviet physiological research. Both disciplines are presently involved in attempts to identify the sources of internally generated and externally imposed stimuli underlying physiological processes. (U) Soviet research on telepathy in animals in the 1920's and 1930's was devoted largely to proving that telepathy between man and animals did indeed exist. A good example of the early Soviet approach was research conducted by V.M. Bekhterev of Leningrad University, in collaboration with a circus performer, V.L. Durov. Bekhterev reported that Durov's trained dogs successfully solved arithmetic problems and identified or retrieved objects solely on the basis of their trainer's mental suggestion. The results of these tests were controversial, since the dogs' performances were good when Durov was present and supplied the "suggestions," but deteriorated markedly when he was absent and another individual attempted to mentally control them. (U) Bekhterev's original objective was to demonstrate that telepathy between man and animals was mediated by some form of electromagnetic radiation (EMR), but by 1937, he and other Soviet parapsychologists had concluded that no known form of EMR was the carrier of thought transmission. The EMR theory of information transfer is still unresolved by the Soviets, but is still the major basis underlying much of their research. (U) In 1962 B.B. Kazhinskiy advanced the theory that animals are capable of visual and aural perception and reflex understanding of the behavior of other animals or humans. He postulated that this ability resulted from the capacity of one animal to detect (via its nervous system) , analyze, and synthesize signal-stimuli given off by another animal. According to Kazhinskiy, the signals were transmitted in the form of a "bioradiational sight ray" and analyzed by the percipient animal as a result of its Pavlovian conditioning. The term "bioradiational rays" is still used by some Soviet and Czech parapsychologists to refer to focusing and concentration of biological energy by the brain and the optical neural channels. (U) Present day Soviet and Czech parapsychology research with animals is devoted almost exclusively to investigation of sources of biological energy involved in physiological processes, the interactions of such energy with external fields, and the effects of externally generated fields on animal physiology. Reference to telepathy in the sense of communications by transmission of total, conceptual, mental formulations is seldom made. 9 Approved For Release 2004/G3/02ASS1K- RIP 96-00792R000600350001-3