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Approved For Release ZOOM POET FAM ROP96-00788R001300020001-6 ST-CS-01-169-72 July 1972 articles on civil defense, one district (rayon) alone publishing 700 of them, and there were 45 television broadcasts and over 1,000 radio talks and reports on civil defense (185,186). In Novosibirsk, 2,000 lectures were given on civil defense subjects by the "Znaniya" (Knowledge) Society (187). In the Georgian SSR over 7,000 propagandists of the Ministry of Culture are promoting information on civil defense (188). Forty civil defense movies are being shown throughout the country in regular movie theaters and in various clubs, which were said to have been seen in 1969 by about 90 million persons (185). In the town of Orel, one city district alone had 179 civil defense exhibits (189). In the Azerbaidzhan SSR, in one month there were nine television broadcasts and 300 items in the local press dealing with civil defense, while in a district in Belorussia in one month there were held 120 public lecture sessions, 75 showings of civil defense movies and numerous broadcasts (190,186). Many factories broadcast weekly or biweekly talks on civil defense over their public address systems. Soviet civil defense authorities also have tried to expand civil defense propaganda by bringing to it writers, journalists, painters, movie producers and other persons from the creative arts. As part of thig effort, arrangements were made with the Union of Writers to send groups of their members to attend two- week seminars at the Higher Central Officer Course on Civil Defense of the USSR. Meetings and conferences of writers and other artists with civil defense officials were also held in a number of the major cities (191,192). Soviet civil defense leaders argue that the population must be well prepared in a morale-psychological sense 1f it is to withstand the shock of a nuclear war and its aftermath. Consequently, in addition to reassuring the population about the effectiveness of civil defense measures and the strength of the Soviet Armed Forces, the propaganda and training programs are also used to instill in the population "hatred for the enemies." It is noted that: A rise in the importance of indoctrinating hatred of the imperialist aggressors is also due to the objec- tive pattern of a further rise in the role of morale in modern war (193), This is accomplished by stressing the alleged US plans to attack the Soviet Union and other "peace-loving" peoples. It is noted with some satisfaction that Soviet soldiers "like all honest people in the world, detest Americans and all other imperialists." The literature emphasizes the importance of teaching the youth 60 NO FOREIGN DISSEMINATION CONFIDENTIAL (This page is UNCLASSIFIED)